soil n. 1.泥土,土壤;土質(zhì)。 2.土地,國(guó)土。 3.滋生地,溫床。 4.農(nóng)業(yè)生活,務(wù)農(nóng)。 clayey [sandy] soil 黏[砂]壤。 poor [rich] soil 瘦[肥]土。 high soil 輕質(zhì)土。 alluvial soil 沖積土。 arable soil 耕地。 a tiller [child, son] of the soil 農(nóng)民;本地人。 the lord of the soil 領(lǐng)主,地主。 soil conservation 土壤保持。 soil invaders 【農(nóng)業(yè)】土壤寄居菌。 on foreign soil 在外國(guó)。 one's native [parent] soil 故鄉(xiāng),祖國(guó)。 n. 1.臟東西,污物,污穢,污斑。 2.糞尿,肥料。 a soil pipe 污水管。 night soil 糞便。 vt. 1.弄臟,弄污;污染,污損。 2.污辱,敗壞。 3.給…上糞[施肥]。 vi. 被弄臟,變臟。 soil one's hands with 〔比喻〕因…弄臟手;染手。 It soils easily. 那東西容易臟。 soil a field 給田施肥。 soiled clothes 臟衣服。 vt. (給畜舍內(nèi)畜牲)喂青草[青飼料];(用青飼料給畜牲)通便;催肥。 soiling crops 青飼料作物。
As soon as the tunnel boring machine advances 1m forward , 6 pieces of pre - cast concrete segment are fabricated and forming a ring with internal diameter of 5 . 6m to support soil outside , while simultaneous back - filling and 32 - hole chemical grouting injector equipment installed with tunnel boring machine consolidating soil instantaneously to enhance the soil strength . the tunnel boring machine is also equipped with guided top gyroscope and true circularity retaining device for construction accuracy 其中值得一提者,板橋土城線(xiàn)所采用之潛盾機(jī)系新型之土壓平衡式機(jī)種,具同步背填灌漿之功能,對(duì)地表沉陷之控制成效優(yōu)良,目前已貫通并通過(guò)民房及商業(yè)區(qū)下方之下行隧道其初期沉陷均控制在5mm之內(nèi),二次沉陷及最終沉陷平均總量最大亦僅18mm ,遠(yuǎn)優(yōu)于初始設(shè)計(jì)的警戒值30mm 。
In this paper , in order to solve the difficulties in the rain pipe construction in jianyu road of yulin city , the pipe - pushing technique for the hand - type tool pipe in the sand soil layer has been researched by experiments in which many practice problems were considered such as the movement and deformation of sand soil , the difficulties for the pipe to enter the scheduled work soil , the collapse of excavation surface , the departure of pipe center and the difficulties to correct this departure . by both the calculations for the stabilities of back - supporting soil body and excavation surface and the theoretical analysis on the reasons for the departure ' s producing , some construction techniques were introduced and adopted in this paper which include not only the change and reinforcement to both the back - supporting soil body and the scheduled work soil body but also the settings of pipe cap , lattice and correcting system on the head of the tool pipe 本文針對(duì)榆林市建榆路雨水管道中遇到的技術(shù)難題,進(jìn)行手掘式工具管砂土層頂管法施工技術(shù)試驗(yàn)研究,在研究中考慮砂土層存在的后靠土體移位、變形,工具管難以進(jìn)入出洞土體,挖掘面易坍塌、管道中心易偏差及難糾偏等問(wèn)題,通過(guò)對(duì)后靠土體和挖掘面的穩(wěn)定計(jì)算及偏差產(chǎn)生原因的理論分析,提出并采用后靠土體換填加固,出洞土體換填加固,以及在工具管頭部設(shè)置管帽、格柵、糾偏系統(tǒng)等技術(shù)措施
Compared with conventional bracing technology , not only soil nailing will actively support soil masses , but also the effect of soil nailing and soil mass will be mobilized leading to utilize in - site strength of soils to a maximam degree . the disturbed soil masses that originally induce loading effect on bracing structure are transformed into a part of bracing structure . accordingly , the composite soil nailing bracing technique begins to applied to reinforcement of soft soils or foundations 復(fù)合土釘支護(hù)技術(shù)中,土釘主動(dòng)支護(hù)土體,并與土體共同作用,盡可能保持、利用、提高基坑邊壁土體的原有強(qiáng)度,將傳統(tǒng)支護(hù)方式中對(duì)支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)形成荷載效應(yīng)的擾動(dòng)土體轉(zhuǎn)化為支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的一部分,從而可以有效地應(yīng)用于軟土地區(qū)等特殊地質(zhì)條件下的基坑支護(hù)。
Compared with conventional bracing technology , not only soil nailing will actively support soil masses , but also interaction effect of soil nailing and soil masses will be mobilized leading to utilize in - site strength of soils to a maximum degree . the disturbed soil masses that originally induce loading effect on bracing structures are transformed into a part of bracing structures . accordingly , the composite soil nailing bracing technique begins to be applied to reinforcement of soft soils or foundations 復(fù)合土釘支護(hù)技術(shù)中,土釘主動(dòng)支護(hù)土體,并與土體共同作用,盡可能保持、利用、提高基坑邊壁土體的原有強(qiáng)度,將傳統(tǒng)支護(hù)方式中對(duì)支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)形成荷載效應(yīng)的擾動(dòng)土體轉(zhuǎn)化為支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的一部分,從而可以有效地應(yīng)用于軟土地區(qū)等特殊地質(zhì)條件下的基坑支護(hù),而且具有工藝簡(jiǎn)單、造價(jià)低、工期短等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。